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Nancy Reagan

Early life

Anne Frances Robbins on 6 July 1921 born, Manhattan Sloane Hospital for Women in New York, the only child of car salesman Kenneth Seymour Robbins (18941972) and his actress wife, Edith Luckett (18,881,987). Her godmother was silent film star Alla Nazimova. She lived for her first two years in Flushing, Queens, New York. While her parents have divorced soon after her birth, she had been separated for some time. When her mother traveled the country to act jobs Follow Nancy was raised in Bethesda, Maryland, for the next six years by her aunt and uncle Audley Gailbraith Virginia. Nancy describes the longing for her mother in these years: "My favorite times were when the mother had a job in New York, and Aunt Virgie would stay with me train with her."

In 1929 her mother married Loyal Davis (18,961,982), a prominent, politically conservative neurosurgeon who moved the family to Chicago. Nancy and her stepfather was very good, they would later write that he was "a man of great integrity, the old-fashioned values of example." He formally adopted her in 1935, and she would always rely on him as her father. At the time of the adoption, her name was legally changed Nancy Davis (since the birth was not commonly known as Nancy). She attended the Girls 'Latin School of Chicago (describes himself as an average student), graduated in 1939, and later attended Smith College in Massachusetts, where she in English and studied drama and graduated in 1943.

Acting career

Nancy Davis posing for a publicity photo, 1950

After her Davis held accounts jobs in Chicago as a sales assistant in Marshall Field's department store and as a nurse's aide. With the help of her mother's colleagues in the theater, including Zasu Pitts, Walter Huston, Spencer Tracy, and pursued a career as a professional actress. She won for the first time a part in Pitt Street '1945 Tour of Ramshackle Inn, relocation to New York City. She got the role of Si-Tchun, a lady in waiting, in the 1946 Broadway musical about the Orient, Lute Song with Mary Martin and a pre-star Yul Brynner. The show Producer told her: "You look like you could Chinese."

After sharing screen test, she moved to California and signed a seven-year contract with Metro Goldwyn Mayer Studios (MGM) in 1949, she later remarked: ". Add Metro was like in a dream world," Davis appeared in 11 feature films, usually typecast as a "loyal wife", "responsible young mother," or "the steady woman." She kept her professional name as Nancy Davis and after Marriage. Her film career began with small roles in 1949, the doctor and the girl with Glenn Ford and was followed by East Side, West Side Barbara Stanwyck is. She played a child psychiatrist in the film noir Shadow on the Wall (1950) with Ann Sothern and Zachary Scott, her appearance was as "beautiful and compelling" by New York Times critic AH Weiler. You is the co-favorite in the year 1950 is the next Voice You Hear …, plays a pregnant housewife who hears God's voice from their radio. Influential critic Bosley Crowther of the New York Times wrote that "[t] Nancy Davis pleasant as [a] gentle, smooth, and understanding woman." A later critics admired the film effort convincing portray Davis as a neglected pregnantany other films from the time to do so. In 1951, Davis appeared in her favorite role in the film Night Into Morning, a study of grief Ray Milland. Crowther, that Davis "is as beautiful as the groom who is widowed and is aware of the loneliness of the pain," while others pointed out Critics of the Washington Post, Richard L. Coe, said Davis "is magnificent, as understanding a widow." Davis left MGM in 1952, seeking a wider range of parts. Even soon appeared in the 1953 science fiction movie Donovan's Brain, Crowther said that Davis had in the role of a scientist "did not helpless woman", "went through them all in stark confusion "in a" completely ridiculous "film. In her last film, Hellcats of the Navy (1957) she played Lieutenant Nurse Helen Blair and shared the screen for the only time with her husband, playing what one critic called it "a housewife who came for the ride." A Another reviewer notes, however, that Davis plays her role well, and does well what it has to "work.

The famous author Garry Wills believes that Davis as an actress was generally underestimated, because they forced her part in Hellcats was seen on most of the performance. In addition, Davis played down her Hollywood goals: MGM promotional material in 1949, said her "greatest ambition" was a "successful happy marriage" have, decades later, in 1975 it would say. "I was never really a career woman, but [was to] just because I had not the man wanted to marry whom I sit around and found I could not do anything I became an actress. "Ronald Reagan biographer Lou Cannon but characterized it as" reliable "and" solid "performer, their own ideas with better-known actors in place. After her last film, she appeared for a short time in TV games Wagon Train and The Tall Man until 1962, when she retired as an actress. During her career she was on the Board of Directors of the Screen Actors Guild for almost 10 years. Decades later, Albert Brooks was trying to Reagan retired from acting by they talk about the title role opposite himself in his 1996 film Mother. Reagan refused to care for her husband, and Debbie Reynolds played the role.

Marriage and family

Newlyweds Ronald and Nancy Reagan, 4 March 1952

During her career as an actress, Nancy Davis of the actors in Hollywood, she later had met named Clark Gable, whom she briefly dated the most beautiful of the stars them. On 15 November 1949, she met Ronald Reagan, who was then president of the Screen Actors Guild. Nancy had noticed that her name had appeared on the Hollywood blacklist and Reagan sought help to keep their jobs as a guild actress in Hollywood, and to support removed when their name from the list. Reagan told her that she was with another actress with the same name have been confused. The two started dating and their relationship was the subject of many gossip columns, a Hollywood press account described their nightclub-free times together as "the romance of a couple who have no truck." Ronald Reagan marriage was skeptical but after his painful divorce in 1948 Jane Wyman, and he saw other women. After three years he finally Davis in the couple's favorite places as proposed in the Beverly Hills restaurant Chasen's. They married on 4 March 1952 in a simple ceremony designed to meet the press at the Little Brown Church in San Fernando Valley to avoid Los Angeles. The only people present were actors William Holden, the best man, and his wife, the matron of honor. The couple's first child, Patricia Ann Reagan (Better professional by their names, Patti Davis known) was on 21 Born in October 1952. Her son, Ronald Prescott Reagan was, six years later on 20 Born May. Nancy Reagan was also stepmother to Maureen Reagan (19412001) and Michael Reagan (born 1945), the children of her husband's first marriage to Jane Wyman.

Nancy and Ronald Reagan in a ship in 1964

The Reagan family in 1967, shortly after Ronald Reagan took office as Governor of California

Observers described Ronald and Nancy Reagan relationship as intimate. As president and first lady, the Reagans were reported, often show their affection, with a spokesman stating: "They never took each other for naturally hold. They have never stopped courting. "Ronald often as Nancy" Mama, "she called him" Ronnie ". While the President in the hospital after the 1981 assassination attempt was recovered, Nancy Reagan wrote in her diary. "Nothing can happen to my Ronnie My life would be over." In a letter to Nancy, Ronald wrote: "Honey, what I enjoy and you would all be meaningless if I did not you." In 1998, while her husband was suffering with Alzheimer's disease, Nancy told Vanity Fair:.. "Our relationship is very special, we were very much in love and still are, if I say, my life began with Ronnie, well, it's true, it did.. I can not imagine a life without him. "Nancy was known for the focused and attentive gaze, as" the Gaze "that during her husband his speeches and appearances attached. President Reagan died in June 2004 ended what Charlton Heston as "the greatest love story in the history of the American presidency."

Nancy's relationship with her children not always like her husband in the area, they often conflict with their biological children and their stepchildren. Their Relationship with Patti was the most controversial, Patti violated American conservatism and against her parents by joining the nuclear freeze movement and authoring many anti-Reagan books rebelled. The left nearly 20 years of family feud, they very much by both her mother and estranged father. was soon after her father with Alzheimer's disease, Patti and her mother diagnosed reconciled and began to speak on a daily basis. Nancy's disagreements with Michael were also public affairs, 1984, she was saying that the two were in an "alienation Right Now" quotes. Michael said that Nancy was trying to cover up for the fact they had not his daughter, Ashley, met who had given birth almost a year earlier. Also, they finally made peace. Nancy was thought to be the next step daughter Maureen at the White House years, but each of the Reagan children experience periods of estrangement from their parents.

First Lady of California, 19671975

Nancy as the First Lady of California

Reagan was the First Lady of California during her husband's two terms as governor. She liked in Sacramento, live the excitement, social life was missing, and the mild climate, which she was accustomed to in Los Angeles. They first attracted controversy in early 1967 when, after four months stay in the California Governor's Mansion in Sacramento, she moved her family in a wealthy suburb because fire officials had described the mansion as a "fire trap". Although Reagan's the new house leased their money was this step is seen by many as a snob. Nancy defended their actions as for the good of the family, a verdict with which her husband agreed. Friends of the family later helped support the cost of the rented house, while Nancy Reagan, the construction supervision of a new ranch-style Governor's Residence in nearby Carmichael. The new Residence was completed just as Ronald Reagan in 1975 out of office, but his successor, Jerry Brown, refused to live there. It was sold in 1982 and lived California Governors in improvised arrangements since then.

In 1967, Nancy Reagan was nominated by her husband to the California Arts Commission, and a year later called Los Angeles Times "Woman of the Year, selected in his profile of their Times." A Model First Lady "You Glamour, style and youthfulness made her a frequent subject for Press photographers. As First Lady, attended Reagan veterans, seniors and the disabled, and worked with a number of charities. She was very involved with the Foster Grandparents Program and helps them popular in the United States, then in Australia. Later her work expanded with the organization after arriving in Washington, and wrote to love about her experiences in her book of 1982, a child. The Reagans instead of dinner for former POWs and Vietnam veterans, but Governor and First Lady.

Role in the 1976 and 1980 presidential campaigns

Main article: U.S. presidential election, 1976 and U.S. presidential election, 1980

Governor Reagan term ended in 1975, and he did not run for a third; Instead, he met with advisers on a possible bid for the presidency in 1976 to discuss challenging incumbent President Gerald Ford, Reagan still necessary to convince a reluctant Nancy before the execution, however. She feared for the Her husband's health and his career as a whole, but she felt that he was the right man for the job and was finally approved. Nancy took a more traditional role in the campaign, holding coffee, lunch and talks with senior citizens. With these words she led staff, monitor her husband's schedule and provided occasional press conferences. The 1976 campaign included the so-called "battle of the queens," contrasting with First Lady Betty Ford, Nancy both said in the course of the campaign in a similar Problems, but with different approaches. Nancy was particularly upset by the warmongers sign that the Ford campaign had drawn of her husband.

Although He lost the 1976 Republican nomination, Reagan ran again for president in 1980 and succeeded in winning the nomination and election. During this second campaign Nancy played a very important role and management of staff was even more pronounced. They arranged a meeting between rival campaign manager John Sears, and Michael Deaver and her Husband, in Deaver left the campaign and Sears conducted with the full control given. After the Reagan camp lost and fell behind Iowa caucus polls in New Hampshire, Nancy organized A second meeting and decided it was time to fire Sears and his colleagues, they gave Sears a copy of the press release announcing his resignation. Their influence on her husband was particularly be remarkable, their presence at demonstrations, lunches and receptions increased confidence.

First Lady of the United States, 19811989

First Lady Nancy Reagan and President Reagan during the inaugural parade, 1981

White House Glamour

Renovation

Nancy Reagan was the First Lady the United States when Ronald Reagan was inaugurated as president in January 1981. Beginning of her husband's presidency Reagan declared their desire to a more suitable "first to create a homeland "in the White House as the building was in a state of disrepair after years of neglect like. White House aide Michael Deaver described the second and third floor as a family home with "cracked plaster walls, chipped paint [and] to beat levels," instead of public resources to renovate and refurbish, they sought private donations. Nancy directed a major renovation of several White House rooms, including all of the second and third floors and Room adjoining the Oval Office, including the press room. The renovation included repainting walls, floors, refinishing, repairing fireplaces and antique replace Pipes, windows and pipes. The closet in the bedroom was transformed into a beauty parlor and dressing room, bedroom and the West was made in a small gym.

The first lady in gaining the support of renowned interior designer Ted Graber, popular with wealthy West Coast social figures, to renovate the family living quarters. A Sino-pattern hand-painted wallpaper was taken to the bedroom. Family furniture was made in the President self-study. The first lady and her designer retrieved a number White House Antiques, which had been in storage, and placed them throughout the villa.

The extensive renovation was paid for by private donations. Many important and permanent changes have occurred as a result of renovation and restoration, of which Nancy Reagan said: "The house belongs to all Americans, and I want it something that they can be proud of. "

Fashion

The new First Lady in her opening speech, dress, 1981

Another of Nancy Reagan Trademark was her interest in fashion. While her husband was still president-elect, press reports speculated on the social life of Nancy and interest in fashion. In many Press reports that Nancy's sense of style was positive, that compared the former first lady Jacqueline Kennedy. Friends and being close to her said that, while fashionable as Kennedy, they would be was different from other First Ladies, a close friend Harriet English quoted as saying, "Nancy has her own character."

Nancy Reagan's wardrobe consisted of dresses, gowns and suits made by luxury designers, including James Galanos, Bill Blass, Adolfo, Oscar de la Renta. Their white, hand-bead, one shoulder Galanos 1981 inaugural speech, dress, estimated cost € 10,000 while the total price of the wardrobe her opening speech was said to cost $ 25,000. It promotes the Color red, called it "a picker-upper" and carried them accordingly. Your wardrobe, including red so many times that the fire engine was shade known as "Reagan Red". It employs two private hairdressers would style their hair at regular intervals in the White House.

Reagan models for Vogue magazine in Red Room, 1981

Fashion Designer with a focus on Nancy Reagan down contentedly on the clothes. Adolfo said the First Lady represents an "elegant, wealthy, well educated, stylish American look, "while Bill Blass, said:" I do not think that there is someone in the White House for Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, has the flair. William Fine, president of the cosmetics company Frances Denney noted that it "remains in style, but it is not trendy."

Although their elegant fashion and wardrobe were praised as "glamorous paragon of chic, they were also controversial issues. In 1982, she revealed that she Thousands of dollars in clothing, jewelry and other gifts accepted, but defended their actions so that they borrowed the clothes and they were either returned or donated to museums, and that they promote the American fashion industry. Compared to criticism, she said she would soon no longer accept such loans. While often buy their Clothes she continued to borrow and sometimes keep designer clothes during her time as First Lady, came to light in 1988. Nothing like this had on financial disclosure Forms were included, the non-reporting of loans under $ 10,000 liability was made in violation of a voluntary agreement at the White House had in 1982, while not reporting more valuable loans or clothing not returned, a possible violation of the Ethics in Government. Nancy expressed through her spokesman "Regrets that it failed to advise the advice to heart" on the disclosure of them.

Despite the controversy, asked a lot of designers, their clothes allowed to borrow, that the arrangement was good for their company and products for the American fashion industry. In 1989, Nancy at the annual Gala Dinner of the Council of Fashion Designers of America, where she received the honored Council Lifetime Achievement Award. Barbara Walters said of her: "She has served all day for eight long years the word "style."

Elegance and formality

About a year into her husband's first term, explores the idea of Nancy Reagan's appointment of new State China service for the White House. A full service China had been bought since the Truman administration in the 1940s, when only a partial service in the Johnson administration ordered. She was quoted as saying: "The White House is really bad, bad needs China." Working with Lenox, the primary producers of porcelain in America chose the first lady a design scheme from a red ribbon with gold etched on the edge of the scarlet and cream-colored ivory panels with increased presidential elections Gold seal etched in the middle. The full service includes 4370 pieces, set with 19 pieces per person. The service was $ 209,508. Although it was by private donations, some was appointed from the private pay Knapp Foundation, the decrease quite a controversy, because it is in a time when the nation was in an economic recession.

The new China, White House renovations, expensive clothing, and their presence at the wedding of Charles and Diana, Prince and Princess of Wales, gave her an aura of "out of touch with the American people during an economic recession. This, and their fondness for splendor inspired the derogatory nickname "Queen Nancy". While Jacqueline Kennedy had faced some criticism of press for their buying habits, Reagan's treatment was much more consistent and negative. In an attempt to deflect the criticism, she drew a self-deprecating Baglady costume at the 1982 Gridiron dinner and sang "Second-hand clothes" imitates the song "Second Hand Rose". The sketch helped restore its reputation.

Reagan and her husband with her predecessor as First Lady, Jackie Kennedy, widow of President Kennedy in 1985. Nancy and Jackie were often compared because of their glamor, in contrast to the intervening First Ladies.

Nancy Reagan reflected on the criticism in her autobiography in 1989, it's my turn. Reagan describes with former Democratic National Committee Chairman Robert Strauss lunch, with Strauss said to her: "If this your first time in the city, Nancy, I did not know how about you all. But after I met you, I changed my mind and said, "Some general's'," replied Nancy, "Bob, based on press reports I read then, I would not have liked me too! "

Under the presidencies of Gerald Ford (of the Michigan fight song on "Hail to the Chief") encourages and Jimmy Carter (the drastically reduced the formality of presidential functions), Nancy took a Kennedy-like Glamour back in the White House. It holds 56 state dinner for eight years, compared to six of George and Laura Bush. She noted that the orientation of the dinners "The easiest thing in the world. You do not have anything to do. Just have a good time and do a little business. And that the way Washington works is." In 1987 Mikhail Gorbachev the first Soviet leader to Washington, DC since Nikita Khrushchev's visit in 1959, and Nancy Reagan was responsible for planning and implementation of most important and anticipated state dinner. After dinner Nancy Van Cliburn pianist recruited to a rendition of "Moscow Nights" for the Soviet delegation, to Mikhail and Raisa broke into song singing. Former Secretary of State George Shultz said in the evening and said: "We felt the ice of the Cold War is crumbling." Nancy concluded, "It was a perfect ending to a great evenings of my husband's presidency."

Just Say No

Main article: Just Say No

Nancy Reagan, the "Just Say No" drug awareness campaign in 1982, which was their primary project and important initiative as first lady. Nancy first time Aware of the need to educate young people about drugs during a 1980 campaign stop in Daytop Village, New York. She noted in 1981 that "understanding, what drugs can do your children to understand and peer pressure, understanding why they turn to drugs … the first step to solving the problem. "Her Campaign focused on drug education and information for young people of the danger of drug abuse.

Reagan gives a speech at a rally in Los Just Say No Angeles, 1987

In 1982, Nancy Reagan from a school girl, what if drugs were offered in demand, said Nancy "Just Say No". The formulation in the popular culture of the 1980s more and was finally adopted as the name of the club organizations and schools anti-drug programs. Reagan was more actively Travel than 250,000 miles (400,000 kilometers) in the United States and several nations involved visit, drug prevention programs and drug rehabilitation centers. She also appeared on television Talk shows, recorded public service announcements and wrote guest articles. She appeared in an episode of the hit TV drama Dynasty, to show support for the anti-drug campaign to stress. As she continued to promote "Just Say No", she appeared in an episode of the popular 1980s sitcom Diff'rent Strokes and 1985 in a rock-music Video, "Stop the Madness. When asked about her campaign, the first lady remarked: "If you can save only one child, it is worth it."

In 1985, Nancy expanded the campaign at international level by inviting the first ladies of various nations to the White House for a conference on drug abuse. To 27 October 1986 signed by President Reagan set a drugs into effect in the 1.7 billion U.S. dollars in funding to combat the crisis and ensure a mandatory minimum sentence for drug offenses. Although the bill was criticized by some, as Nancy Reagan is a personal victory. In 1988 she was invited to the first First Lady, the General Assembly of the United Nations, the address where she spoke about international drug and human trafficking laws.

Reagan hosts the First Ladies Conference on Drug abuse in the White House, 1985.

Critics of Reagan's efforts questioned their purpose and argued that the program does not go far enough in the treatment many social issues, including unemployment, poverty, family dissolution, Nancy's approach to promoting awareness of the drug problem as a simple designated by liberal critics. Nevertheless, a number of "Just Say No" clubs and organizations remain in operation throughout the country, and they aim to support children and young people about elucidate the effects of drugs.

Her husband's protector

Nancy Reagan took over the role of the unofficial "protector" for her husband after the attempt on his life in 1981. On 30 March this year, President Reagan and three others were shot as they left the Washington Hilton Hotel. Nancy was alerted and at George Washington University Hospital, where the President was taken to hospital. She recalled having seen "from ER, but I still had never seen my husband in him thisith "She was escorted to a waiting room, and if granted access to see her husband, her he quipped:". darling, I forgot to duck ", borrowing the defeated boxer Jack Dempsey's joke to his wife.

An early example of their protective Nature occurred when Senator Strom Thurmond of the President hospital room that day in March, the Secret Service detail over claims he was in the President's "Engen Friend ", presumably to acquire the attention of the media. Nancy was outraged and demanded he leave. While the President slept in the hospital recovering, the first Lady with one of his shirts to be comforted by the smell. When Reagan from the hospital on 12th April was published, she accompanied him back to the White House.

Press accounts Nancy as framed her husband's "Chief Protector", an extension of their overall original design of it as a helper and a Cold War domestic ideal.

Influence in the White House

"The Gaze": Nancy watches as her husband is in a second term by Chief Justice Warren Burger, on 20th Sworn in in January 1985.

Nancy has in her memoirs: "I felt panic every time [Ronald] left the White House" after the attack, and it made their concerns know her husband's schedule. Events that he would be attending and with whom she finally This protective effect resulted consulting astrologer Joan Quigley, the insight offered on which days were "good", "neutral" and should be avoided, the influence of her husband's White House plan. The days were color advice to the astrologer to see exactly which days and times would be optimal for the President the safety and success codes. The White House Chief of Staff, Donald Regan, grew up with this regime, the frustration created friction between him and the First Lady. The escalated with the revelation of the Iran-Contra affair, a government scandal in which the First Lady felt Regan damage was the president. She thought he should resign, and pressed it to her husband, although he does not share her view. Regan was President Reagan's Iran-Contra affair in early 1987 address by means of a press conference, though refused to Nancy Reagan, too hard recently due to a Prostate surgery and astrological warnings. Regan was so angry that he hung up with Nancy to her during a 1987 telephone conversation. According to former ABC News correspondent Sam Donaldson, when the President heard of this treatment, he finally demandednd receivedegan resignation. 1988 in his memoirs wrote of Nancy Regan's consultations with the astrologer, the first public mention of them, which resulted in embarrassment for the First Lady. Nancy later wrote, "Astrology was simply one of the Ways I with the fear I felt after my husband coped almost died … Astrology was one of the reasons [other attempts did not occur?] I do not really think it was, but I really do not think it was not. "

The Reagan's speech in the Oval Office, 1985

Nancy Reagan waved a strong influence on President Reagan. Also controlled from the attack, they strictly access to the president and even attempted occasionally, her husband influence the decision Sun

Beginning in 1985, Nancy strongly encouraged to keep their man "summit" conferences with Soviet General Secretary Gorbachev, and suggested before, they form a personal relationship before. Both Ronald Reagan and Mikhail Gorbachev had developed a productive relationship with their summit talks. The relationship between Nancy Reagan and Raisa Gorbachev, far from the friendly, diplomatic, between their husbands, Nancy Raisa found hard to talk and their relationship as "frosty" described. The two women usually had tea and discussed differences between the USSR and the United States. A visit to the U.S. for the first time in 1987, Reagan was angry Raisa with lectures on subjects ranging from architecture to socialism, as reportedly call to the American president's wife to quip, "Who does that dame think is she? "

Press the design of Nancy of changes that only helper and protector, someone with hidden power. As the picture of her as a political Intruder grew, she sought to deny explicitly that it was the power behind the throne. At the end of her time as First Lady, however, said that she had her husband not good for its staff served. They admitted their role in response to personnel decisions affecting him and said: "In no way do I apologize for that." She wrote in her memoirs: "I do not think I was so bad, so extreme in my power or my weakness as I was shown," but continued: "[H] owever, the first Dame fits in, she has to play a unique and important role in the search for her husband. And it is only natural that they'll let him know what she thinks. I always did Ronnie and I always will. "

Breast cancer

In October 1987, a mammogram detected a lesion in the left breast and it was Nancy Reagan subsequently diagnosed with breast cancer. She chose to undergo a mastectomy instead of lumpectomy and breast was on 17 Removed in October 1987. Not long after the operation, died in her mother, Edith Luckett Davis, in Phoenix, Arizona, leading Nancy to dub the period "a terrible month."

After the operation were more women across the country mammograms, an example of the influence of the First Lady has.

Later life

Although Nancy was a controversial First Lady had 56 percent of Americans have a favorable opinion of her when her husband left office on 20th January 1989, with 18 percent with an unfavorable opinion and the balance is not to issue a Opinion. Compared to colleagues first wives when their husbands left office, Reagan was the agreement higher than that of the Rosalynn Carter and Hillary Rodham Clinton, But she was less popular as Barbara Bush and her disapproval rating was twice Carter Sun

Nancy Reagan in the White House, the official portrait hangs in the Vermeil Room.

After leaving the White House, the couple returned to California, where she bought a house in Bel Air in Los Angeles, Division their time between Bel Air and the Reagan Ranch in Santa Barbara, California, Ronald and Nancy regularly attended Bel Air Presbyterian Church as well. After leaving Washington, Nancy made numerous public Performances, many on behalf of her husband. She continues at the Bel Air home where she and her husband until his death on 5 June 2004 lived there.

Early post-White House Activities

In late 1989 the former First Lady Nancy Reagan, the Foundation, which continue to educate the public about the dangers of drug abuse should. The Foundation, together with the best foundation for a Drug-Free Tomorrow in 1994 and developed the Nancy Reagan Afterschool Program. She continued to travel around the nation that something against drug and alcohol abuse. After President Reagan showed that he was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease in 1994, she became his primary caregiver and was active with the national Alzheimer's Association and its affiliate, the Ronald and Nancy Reagan Research Institute participated in Chicago, Illinois.

Ronnie's long journey has finally taken him to a distant place where I can no longer reach him.

Ancy Reagan, May 2004

Also in 1989 published it My Turn: The Memoirs of Nancy Reagan, which gives an account of her life in the White House to talk openly about their influence within the Reagan Administration and the discussion the myths and controversies surrounding the pair. In 1991, the controversial author Kitty Kelley any unauthorized and largely uncited biography of Nancy Reagan, repeated reports have a bad relationship with their children and the introduction of rumors about alleged sexual relationship with singer Frank Sinatra. A wide range of sources commented that Kelley's widely supported claims are probably false.

In 1989, the Internal Revenue Service to investigate the Reagans began, whether they owed additional taxes on the gifts and loans from high-fashion clothing and jewelry at Nancy during their time in the White House (receiver benefit from the display such objects recognize taxable income, even if they are returned). In 1992, the IRS determined that Reagan had failed, some $ 3,000,000 worth of fashion items 1983-1988 include on their tax return, they were for a large amount of back taxes and interest charged, then the paid.

Nancy Reagan was the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the nation's highest civilian award, by President George W. Bush at the 9th Awarded in July 2002. President Reagan received his own Presidential Medal of Freedom in January 1993. Nancy and her husband were together, the Congressional Gold Medal to 16 May 2002 awarded at the Capitol and were only to receive third president and First Lady her, she took the medal on behalf of the two.

Ronald Reagan's funeral

Former First Lady Nancy Reagan, her final farewell to President Ronald Reagan said on 11 June 2004, before the funeral and concluding a week-long state funeral for the president.

For more information: The death and state funeral of Ronald Reagan

Ronald Reagan died at her Bel Air home on 5 June 2004. During the seven days of state funeral Nancy, accompanied by their children and military escort led the nation in grief by taking a strong stand, travel from their home to the Reagan Library for a memorial service, then to Washington, DC, where her husband's body lay in state for 34 hours before a national funeral service at Washington National Cathedral. She returned to the library in California for a sunset memorial service and funeral, where, overcome with emotion, she lost her composure, crying in public for the first time in a week. After Adoption of the folded flag, the coffin and kissed her mouth: "I love you" before leaving. Journalist Wolf Blitzer said the Reagan during the week, " it is a very, very strong woman, although she looks frail. "

She had directed the detailed planning of the funeral, including the appointment of all important Events and issues, former President George HW Bush and former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher and former Canadian Prime Minister Brian Mulroney, speaking during the National Cathedral service. She paid close attention to the details of what they've always done in her husband's life. Betsy Bloomingdale, one of the closest friends of Reagan stated,… "She looks a little fragile, but she is very strong inside you is you have the power to make her last thing for Ronnie And it will come.. it right. "The funeral marked Reagan's first major public appearance since a speech from the 1996 Republican National Convention with her husband.

The Burial had a great influence on the public image of Reagan. seen after massive criticism during her tenure as First Lady, she was something of a national heroine praised by many for their support and care for her husband while he was suffering from Alzheimer's. U.S. News & World Report said that "after a decade in the shadows, a different, softer Nancy Reagan emerged. "

Life after Ronald

Reagan remained active in politics, particularly in relation to stem cell research. From 2004 it favored what many consider the Democratic Party position and called for President George W. Bush to publicly funded research on embryonic stem cells in hopes of that this science could result in a cure for Alzheimer's disease support. Although they failed to change the position of President, it has the support his campaign for a second term.

In 2005, Reagan was at a gala dinner at the Ronald Reagan Building honored in Washington, DC, where guests included Dick Cheney, Harry Reid and Condoleezza Rice. It was her first major public appearance since the funeral. When asked what their future plans, Reagan shook head and replied: "I do not know I will, I will know when, but the [Reagan] library is Ronnie, so that, where I spend my time…"

Nancy Reagan devoted to Air Force One Pavilion at the Reagan Library with President and Laura Bush, October 2005

In 2007 she attended the national funeral service for Gerald Ford at Washington National Cathedral. Nancy Reagan hosted two debates at the 2008 Republican presidential candidate Reagan Presidential Library, the first of May 2007 and the second in January 2008. While they are not in the discussions, she sat in the front row and listened as the men vying for the nation's 44th Become president claimed be a legitimate successor to her husband. Although some speculation arose that Reagan could New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg in a presidential election campaign support, nothing came of it. They formally endorsed Senator John McCain, the Republican Party then nominated for president at the 25th March.

Nancy Reagan, center, receives an honorary degree from Eureka College, 31 March 2009

Nancy Reagan and one of its successor, Michelle Obama, at a luncheon, 3. June 2009

She attended the funeral of Lady Bird Johnson in Austin, Texas to 14 July 2007 and three days later took the highest Polish distinction, the Order the White Eagle, on behalf of Ronald Reagan in the Reagan Library. The Reagan Library opened the temporary exhibition "Nancy Reagan: A First Lady's Style "That over eighty designer clothes displayed to the first lady.

Nancy Reagan's health and well-being was a prominent concern in 2008. In February, she suffered a fall at her home and was Bel Air California to St. John's Health Center in Santa Monica. Doctors reported that they do not break a hip as feared, and she was later dissolved by the hospital for two days. News commentators pointed out that Reagan was much slower than the step following month it in very slow steps went with John McCain. NBC's Brian Williams, who attended a dinner with Reagan in mid-2008, recalls: "Mrs. Reagan's vision is not what it always was, it was done under very reducing steps like many people her age … [I] t is so important for people in her age group and in their support of life upright and Captain own ship to stay. She's very own master of the ship. "When her mental ability, Williams noted:" She's as sharp as ever and happy is a robust life is with her friends in California, but [are to] always a danger, of course. She is a very stoic, hardy person full of joy and enthusiasm for life … It is not without opinions about politics and political types in these days … It is, as most of her friends described her, a gun. "

In October 2008, Reagan admitted Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, after having fallen at home, doctors found that the 87-year-old had broken her pelvis and sacrum and came back home with a regime of physical therapy to recover. As a result of their misadventure medical articles were published, the information to prevent falls. In January 2009, Reagan said that "improving every day and starts from more and more."

In March 2009, she praised President Barack Obama for reversing the ban on government-funded research on embryonic stem cells. She traveled to Washington, DC in June 2009 to unveil a statue of her late husband in the Capitol Rotunda. She was also on hand, as President Obama signed the Ronald Reagan Centennial Commission Act and private breakfast with Michelle Obama. Nancy was In an interview with Vanity Fair that she had called Michelle Obama to live for advice and entertaining the White House. After the August 2009 death of Senator Edward M. Kennedy, she said, she was "terribly sad … our political differences, given people are sometimes surprised at how close was Ronnie and I have the Kennedy family. … I will miss him."

Filmography

The Doctor and the Girl (1949)

East Side, West Side (1949)

Shadow on the Wall (1950)

The Next Voice You Hear … (1950)

Night Into Morning (1951)

There is a large country (1951)

Talk About a Stranger (1952)

Shadow in the Sky (1952)

Donovan's Brain (1953)

Rescue at Sea (also known as crash Landing1955)

The Dark Wave (1956)

Hellcats of the Navy (1957)

Footnotes

^ From Edith Luckett at Internet Movie Database

^ From Edith Luckett at Internet Broadway Database

^ Abcde "Nancy Reagan> Her Life & Times. Ronald Reagan Presidential Foundation. http://www.reaganlibrary.com/reagan/nancy/nancy_bio.asp. Accessed 09/22/2007.

^ As Nancy Davis signed with MGM, she gave her birth date as 6 July 1923, two years before the shaving of their age, a common practice in Hollywood (See Cannon, Governor Reagan, p. 75). This led to further confusion, as some sources continue to use the wrong year of birth.

^ Powling, Anne; John O'Connor, Geoff Barton (1997). New Oxford English. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0,198,311,923th P. 79

^ Some sources incorrectly list sites and their either be born or raised in Flushing in Manhattan.

^ Reagan, Nancy (1989), p. 66

^ Abcdefghijklmnopqrst "First Lady Biography: Nancy Reagan. "National First Ladies Library Http:.. / / Www.firstladies.org/biographies/firstladies.aspx?biography=41 Accessed 06/02/2007.

^ Wills (1987), P. 182

^ David Gonzalez (04/12/1991). "Talk & More Talk About Nancy (die!) in Flushing. New York Times. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9D0CE7DE123CF931A25757C0A967958260. Accessed 29/10/2007.

^ From Reagan, Nancy (1989), p. 67

^ "The 'Just Say No" First Lady ". MSNBC. 18 February 2004. Http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/4297405. Accessed 10/16/2007.

^ Reagan, Nancy (1989), p. 71

Lally Weymouth ^ abcdef (26/10/1980). "The biggest role of Nancy's Life (Surcharge). The New York Times Magazine. http://select.nytimes.com/mem/archive/pdf?res=F70F1FF9395C17728DDDAF0A94D8415B8084F1D3. Accessed 10/20/2007.

^ Reagan, Nancy (1989), p. 74

^ Reagan, Nancy (1989), p. 82

^ "Lute Song". Internet Movie Database. Http: / / www.ibdb.com/production.php?id=1771. Accessed 10/18/2007.

^ Reagan, Nancy (1989), p. 85

^ Reagan, Nancy (1989), p. 88

^ "Biography for Nancy Davis. Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. 2007th http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/participant.jsp?participantId=45332. Accessed 10/17/2007.

Abcde ^ Cannon, Lou (2003), p. 7576

^ Abc "Nancy Reagan> their films." Ronald Reagan Foundation. http://www.reaganfoundation.org/reagan/nancy/films.asp. Accessed 08/03/2007.

^ AH Weiler (credited as "AW") (19/05/1950). "Another view of the psychiatrist's task. The New York Times. Http: / / select.nytimes.com / mem / archive / pdf res = F70F1FF83E5D147B93CBA8178ED85F448585F9?. Accessed 10/18/2007.

^ Bosley Crowther (06/30/1950). "'The Next Voice You Hear …', Dore Schary Production, Opens at Music Hall. The New York Times. http://select.nytimes.com/mem/archive/pdf?res=FB0B14F93D5C127A93C2AA178DD85F448585F9. Accessed 10/18/2007.

^ Sindelar, Dave. "The Next Voice You Hear … (1950). SciFilm. Http://www.toptenreviews.com/scripts/eframe/url.htm?u=http://www.scifilm.org/musings2/musing822.html. Accessed 17/10/2007.

^ Reagan, Nancy (1989), p. 91

^ Bosley Crowther (06/11/1951). "'Night Into Morning," Starring Ray Milland as mourners professor at .. Loew's State "The New York Times Http:. / / Select.nytimes.com / mem / archive / pdf res = FA081EFA3855177B93C3A8178DD85F458585F9 Accessed 18/10/2007.

^ Richard L. Coe (09/06/1951). "'Night Into Morning" is almost Excellent "(fee). The Washington Post. Http://proquest.umi.com/pdf/fa58d77382f20db57572666f678f207a/1202604554/share2/pqimage/hnirs3/20080209191917226/27518/out.pdf. Accessed 09/02/2008.

^ Wills (1987), p. 184

^ Bosley Crowther (21/01/1954). '"Donovan's Brain", Science-Fiction Thriller, premiere at the Criterion Theatre "The New York Times Http:.. / / Select.nytimes.com / mem / archive / pdf res = F00A12FC3A5A117A93C3AB178AD85F408585F9 Accessed 10/20/2007?..

^ Erickson, Glenn (2003). "Hellcats of the Pacific, check it on." Kleinman.com Inc. http://www.toptenreviews.com/scripts/eframe/url.htm?u=http://www.dvdtalk.com/dvdsavant/s808hell.html. Accessed 10/17/2007.

^ Harper, Erick (2003). "Hellcats of the Pacific, write two". DVDVerdict. http://www.dvdverdict.com/reviews/hellcatsnavy.php. Accessed 10/17/2007.

^ Screen Actors Guild president. " Screen Actors Guild. . Http://www.sag.org/ronald-reagan Accessed 08/03/2007.

^ From Lambert, Pat (1/27/1997). "To The Top". People. http://www.albertbrooks.com/articles/peoplemag97.html. Accessed 14/05/2009.

^ Abcde Cannon, Lou (2003), p. 7778

^ "Noteworthy places in Reagan's life." The Baltimore Sun. 05/06/2004. http://www.baltimoresun.com/sports/golf/sns-ap-reagan-places, 0.1844441. Story? page = 2 Accessed 11/04/2007.

^ "First Ladies: Nancy Reagan." The White House. http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/firstladies/nr40.html. Accessed 08/03/2007.

^ Beschloss, Michael (2007), p. 296

^ Abcd "End of a Love Story." BBC News. 5. June 2004. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/265714.stm. Accessed 21/03/2007.

^ From Berry, Deborah Barfield (June 6, 2004). "With the Reagan-side, but her own person." Newsday. http://www.newsday.com/news/nationworld/nation/ny-usnanc063835985jun06, 0.3872519. Story? coll = ny-news-headlines nationally. Accessed 08/15/2007.

Abc ^ Beschloss, Michael (2007), p. 284

^ "Reagan Love Story". NBC News. 9. June 2004. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/4201869/. Retrieved 2007-05-25.

^ "Up Next for Nancy Reagan tended to her Ronnie's flame". St. Petersburg Times. 13. June 2004. http://www.sptimes.com/2004/06/13/Worldandnation/Up_next_for_Nancy_Rea.shtml. Accessed 08/03/2007.

^ Wolf, Julia (2000). "The Reagan family. "PBS. Http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/reagan/peopleevents/pande05.html. Accessed 10/17/2007.

^ Couric, Katie (November 14, 2004). "Reagan Daughter tells her story. "MSNBC. Http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/6478080/. Accessed 04/06/2009.

^ "A Road to Reconciliation". CBS. 27. March 2009th http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2009/03/27/sunday/main4898395.shtml?source=RSS&attr=_4898395. Accessed 04/06/2009.

^ Reagan, Nancy (1989), P. 148 149

Abc ^ Cannon, Lou (2003), p. 233

^ From Reagan, Nancy (1989), p. 135 137

^ From Charlie LeDuff (19/11/2004). "Forget The White House, Schwarzenegger needs Digs Now ". The New York Times. Http://www.nytimes.com/2004/11/19/national/19mansion.html. Accessed 10/19/2007.

^ Robert_Windeler (11/17/1967). "Reagan Arts Panel Fills Chief's Post After being ousted aide. The New York Times. http://select.nytimes.com/mem/archive/pdf?res=F1071FF93D5E1A718DDDAE0994D9415B878AF1D3. Accessed 10/18/2007.

^ Lynn Lilliston (13/12/1968). "A Model First Lady". Los Angeles Times. http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/527764082.html?dids=527764082:527764082&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Dec+13, 1968 & title = + LYNN LILLISTON & pub = Los Angeles Times + + + (1886-Current + File) &edition; = F1 = & homepage & desc = + TIMES Woman + of + YEAR. Accessed 19/10/2007.

^ Cook, Lynn and Janet LaDue (2007), p. 110 111

^ "Medal of Freedom Recipient: Nancy Reagan." medaloffreedom.com. http://www.medaloffreedom.com/NancyReagan.htm. Accessed 08/03/2007.

^ From "Foster Grandparents Program. Scholastic. http://www2.scholastic.com/browse/article.jsp?id=4649. Accessed 08/03/2007.

^ Anthony, CS (2003), p. 135

^ Samantha Jonas (05/06/2004). Bio: Nancy Reagan. " Fox News. http://www.foxnews.com/story/0, 2933,63814,00. html. Accessed 19/10/2007.

^ Timberg, Robert (1999). John McCain: An American Odyssey. Touchstone Books. ISBN 0-684 119 121 to 86 794-XS

^ Benze, James G. (2005), p. 32

^ Abc Loizeau, PM (2004), p. 64

^ Abc Benze, James G., Jr. (2005), p. 33

^ Loizeau, PM (2004), p. 65

^ Loizeau, PM (2004), p. 69

^ From Wolf, Julia .. "The American Experience: Nancy Reagan." PBS. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/reagan/peopleevents/pande03.html. Accessed 22/01/2008.

^ From Deaver, Michael (2004), p. 78

^ "Nancy Reagan". The White House Historical Association. http://www.whitehousehistory.org/05/subs/05_b20.html. Accessed 02/01/2008.

^ "Brady Press Briefing Room. The White House Museum. http://www.whitehousemuseum.org/west-wing/press-briefing-room.htm. Retrieved 02/01/2008.

^ "West bedroom. The White House Museum. http://www.whitehousemuseum.org/floor2/west-bedroom.htm. Accessed 02/01/2008.

^ Abcde Nemy, Enid (June 12, 2000). "Ted Graber, 80, designer for Reagan, dies". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2000/06/12/us/ted-graber-80-decorator-for-reagans-dies.html. Accessed 21/07/2009.

^ "Master Bedroom". The White House Museum. http://www.whitehousemuseum.org/floor2/master-bedroom.htm. Accessed 02/01/2008.

^ Jacobs, Jody (November 9, 1980). "Nancy Reagan:" It will bring style to "The Toledo Blade (News archive) http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=HREVAAAAIBAJ&sjid=MQMEAAAAIBAJ&dq=nancy.. Reagan Fashion & pg = 7183.413166. Accessed 07/22/2009.

^ From Nemy, Enid (11 November 1980). "Nancy Reagan in the White House, what is?". The New York Times in the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette (Google News Archive) published. http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=v08NAAAAIBAJ&sjid=yG0DAAAAIBAJ&dq=nancy Reagan Fashion & pg = 7004.1576501. Accessed 07/22/2009.

^ Best, Grace (23 December 1980). "Fashion designer view of '81." The Pittsburgh Post-Gazette (News archive). http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=XlANAAAAIBAJ&sjid=yW0DAAAAIBAJ&dq=nancy Reagan Fashion & pg = 5805.4581550. Accessed 07/22/2009.

^ From Burns, Lisa (2008), p. 148

^ Abcd West, Kevin (October 2007). "Nancy's Closet." W. http://www.wmagazine.com/society/2007/10/nancy_reagan. Accessed 15/05/2009.

^ Abcdef Bennetts, Leslie (25 January 1981). "Nancy Reagan's inaugural wardrobe Announces New White House opulence. The New York Times in the St. Petersburg Times (Google News Archive) published. http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=GPALAAAAIBAJ&sjid=JloDAAAAIBAJ&dq=nancy Reagan Fashion & pg = 6776.893022. Accessed 07/22/2009.

^ Stevens, Dana (6 February 2008). "Color Me Nancy Reagan Red". Slate.com. http://www.slate.com/blogs/blogs/xxfactor/archive/2008/02/06/color-me-nancy-reagan-red.aspx. Accessed 06/18/2008.

^ King, Wayne and Warren Weaver, Jr. (August 23, 1986). "Washington Talk: Briefing, A Do Ado. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9A0DE0D81338F930A1575BC0A960948260. Accessed 06/18/2008.

^ "For Mrs. Reagan, gifts Mean High Fashion At no cost (fee). Associated Press for the New York Times. 16/01/1982. http://select.nytimes.com/search/restricted/article?res=F60716FA3A5C0C758DDDA80894DA484D81. Accessed 02/01/2008.

^ As Hedrick Smith (02/17/1982). "Nancy Reagan Is Dress Up Designer Loan "(fee). The New York Times. Http://select.nytimes.com/search/restricted/article?res=F30912F9395F0C748DDDAB0894DA484D81. Accessed 02/01/2008.

Abcd ^ Ed Magnuson (10/24/1988). "Why Mrs. Reagan still looks like a million." Time. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0 ,9171,968774-1, 00.html. Accessed 02/01/2008.

^ Kurtz, Howard (5/12/1989). "IRS to look at Reagan's gifts; Borrowed Designer Dresses subject to tax Inquiry "(fee). The Washington Post. Http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-1226713.html. Accessed 02/02/2008.

^ From Steven V. Roberts (18/10/1988). First Lady Expresses 'Regrets' on Wardrobe. " The New York Times. Http: / / query.nytimes.com / gst / fullpage.html res = 940DE4DA1E3AF93BA25753C1A96E948260?. Retrieved 02/01/2008.

^ John Robinson (10/19/1988). "Nancy Reagan's Dress Blues: Bonds dresses by top designer may be chic, but it is right?" (Fee required). The Boston Globe. http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-8084313.html. Accessed 02/07/2008.

^ From high-turner, Woody (10 January 1989). "Fashion, Amid the rustle of plaster, is celebrating its own fashion. "The New York Times. Http://www.nytimes.com/1989/01/10/style/fashion-amid-the-rustle-of-finery-fashion-celebrates -its-own.html. Accessed 07/22/2009.

Abcd ^ e Santini, Maureen (September 12, 1981). "Nancy Reagan in the White House China: $ 209,508. Associated Press, the St. Petersburg Times published (News archive). http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=p_INAAAAIBAJ&sjid=FnsDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6521, 2662729th Accessed 07/23/2009.

^ "" Lenox "White House" Lenox, Inc. http://www.lenox.com/index.cfm?ss=services&cat=about&lp=whitehouse Accessed 06/02/2007…

^ Klapthor, Margaret Brown (1999), p. 184

^ Downie, Leonard Jr. (30/07/1981). "Britain celebrates Charles Takes a Bride". The " Washington Post "Http:.. / / Www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/longterm/diana/background/wedding1.htm Accessed 11/16/2007.

^ Page, Susan (6/13/2004). "Man's Past characterize Nancy Reagan." USA Today. http://www.usatoday.com/life/people/2004-06-13-nancy-reagan_x.htm. Accessed 08/03/2007.

^ Neuman, Johanna and David Willman (August 19, 2007). "Michael K. Deaver: 1938 – 2007 – Image guru set the stage for Reagan." The Los Angeles Times: p. 5 http://articles.latimes.com/2007/aug/19/local/me-deaver19?pg=4. Accessed 07/29/2009.

^ Reagan, Nancy (1989), p. 56

^ Moore, Boothe (January 18, 2009). "Can they remain" Every Woman '? ". The Los Angeles Times. Http://articles.latimes.com/2009/01/18/features/ig-michelle18. Accessed 05/02/2009.

^ From Usborne, David (June 2, 2009). "Nancy Reagan: I still see Ronnie in my bedroom, "The Independent http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/nancy-reagan-i-still-see-ronnie-in-my-bedroom.. -1694535.html. Accessed 06/03/2009.

^ Schifando and Joseph (2007), p. 165

^ Schifando and Joseph (2007), p. 169-172

^ Schifando and Joseph (2007), P. 175

^ Schifando and Joseph (2007), p. 173

^ Abcd "" Mrs. Reagan's Crusade. "Ronald Reagan Foundation. Http://www.reaganfoundation.org/reagan/nancy/just_say_no.asp. Accessed 08/03/2007.

^ "Nancy Reagan's remarks on Drug Abuse Center benefit dinner in Los Angeles, California. Ronald Reagan Foundation. 04/01/1989. Http: / / www.reagan.utexas.edu/archives/speeches/1989/010489a.htm. Retrieved 10.3.2007. "… In Oakland, where a school child in a public address was Nancy stood up and asked what she and her friends say if someone offered them drugs. And Nancy said, "just say no." And in a few months thousands of Just Say No clubs were formed in schools throughout the country. "

^ Loizeau, Pierre-Marie. Nancy Reagan: The Woman Behind the Man (1984). Nova Publishers, p. 104-105

^ "" Diff'rent Strokes "The Reporter (1983). The Internet Movie Database. http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0560083/. Accessed 10/18/2007.

^ Brian L. Dyak (Executive Producer), William N. Utz (Executive Producer). (12/11/1985). Stop the madness. [Music Video]. Hollywood, California, and The White House, Washington, DC: EIC. Event occurs at 3:15.

^ Tribute to Nancy Reagan. [Motion Picture]. Motion Picture Association, Ronald Reagan Presidential Library. May 2005. Event occurs at 3:08. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KZM0ioS1g58. Accessed 11/07/2008.

^ "Thirty Years' War of America's Drug." pbs.org. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/drugs/cron/. Accessed 04/04/2007.

From ^ Elliott, Jeff (May 1993). "Just say nonsense – Nancy Reagan's drug education programs." Washington Monthly. P. 3 http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1316/is_n5_v25/ai_13786316/pg_3. Accessed 10/10/2007.

^ Hancock, David (June 5, 2004). "His Fierce Protector: Nancy. CBS. http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2004/06/05/national/main621274.shtml. Accessed 15/11/2007.

^ Reagan, Nancy (1989), p. 5

^ Noonan, Peggy. "Character above all: Ronald Reagan essay. PBS. http://www.pbs.org/newshour/character/essays/reagan.html. Accessed 08/15/2007.

^ "Final edited transcript: Interview with Max Friedersdorf" (PDF). Miller Center of Public Affairs. October 2425, 2002. P. 60 http://webstorage3.mcpa.virginia.edu/poh/materials/oph_2002_1024_friedersdorf.pdf. Accessed 10/20/2007. "Mrs. Reagan was all excited, of course. He said that Senator was [current] Thurmond came to the hospital and talked his way had in past from the lobby to the president in intensive care Roome, tubes coming from his nose and his throat, tubes in his arms and said everythingnd that Strom Thurmond had his way past to the intelligence agency said in his room and Mrs. Reagan was outraged, distraught. You could not believe her eyes. He said, 'You know, these guys are crazy. You come here trying to get a picture in front of the hospital and trying to speak to the President if he be on his deathbed. "

^ Burns, Lisa (2008), P. 130, 138 139

^ Reagan, Nancy (1989), p. 21

^ Ivins, Molly (March 18, 1990). Stars and Strife ". The New York Times. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C0CEEDF1030F93BA25750C0A966958260&sec; = &spon; = & Page wanted = print. Accessed 11/16/2007.

^ Anthony, CS (1991), p. 396

^ Anthony, CS (1991), p. 398

^ Thomas, Rhys (Writer / Producer), Donaldson, Sam (interviewee). (2005). The Presidents. [Documentary]. A & E Television. http://shop.history.com/detail.php?a=71740.

^ Kurtz, Howard (05/02/2007). "Ronald Reagan, In His Own Words." The Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/05/01/AR2007050102070.html. Accessed 10/20/2007.

^ Reagan, Nancy (1989), p. 44, p. 47

^ Abcd "Nancy Reagan emerges as public icon." BBC News. 10/06/2004. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/3794125.stm. Accessed 11/02/2007.

^ Reagan, Nancy (1989), p. 62

Celestine Bohlen ^ (December 8, 1988). "The visit of Gorbachev, another obstacle Falls: Nancy Reagan and Raisa Gorbachev Get Chummy" The New York Times http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=940DE6DD1039F93BA35751C1A96E948260 Accessed 14/10/2008 ….

^ Chua-EOAN, Howard G. (June 6, 1988). "My wife is a very independent woman." Time. Http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0 ,9171,967592-1, 00.html. Accessed 05/10/2007.

^ Abc Burns, Lisa (2008), p. 139 140

^ From "Nancy Reagan Aides criticized President". The New York Times. Reuters. 11/13/1988. http://www.nytimes.com/1988/11/13/us/nancy-reagan-criticizes-aides-to-president.html. Accessed 16/05/2009.

^ Reagan, Nancy (1989), p. vii

^ Reagan, Nancy (1989), p. 65

^ Altman, Lawrence K (October 18, 1987). "Surgeons Remove Cancerous Breasts by Nancy Reagan." The New York Times. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?sec=health&res=9B0DE2DA123DF93BA25753C1A961948260. Accessed 23/06/2008.

^ Reagan, Nancy (1989), P. 285

^ "Perspectives in prevention and health promotion trends in screening mammography for women 50 years and older Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 1987. Department of Health and Human Services March 10, 1989 Http:.. / / Www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001360.htm Accessed 23/06/2008..

^ From "A look back at the polls." CBS Interactive Inc. 7th June 2004. http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2004/06/07/opinion/polls/main621632.shtml. Retrieved 10/14/2007.

^ Stevens, Pam (21 January 2001). "Reagan paid back his friends for house they bought for him." CNN. http://archives.cnn.com/2001/ALLPOLITICS/stories/01/26/reagan.house/index.html. Accessed 11/16/2007.

^ NetBurner, Deborah (24 December 2006). "Agen Ting for God." Los Angeles Times. http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/1185261551.html?dids=1185261551:1185261551&FMT=ABS. Accessed 11/16/2007.

^ From "Ronald Reagan dies at 93". CNN. 05/06/2004. http://www.cnn.com/2004/ALLPOLITICS/06/05/reagan.health/. Accessed 07/02/2007.

^ "Nancy Reagan: Her Life and Times. Ronald Reagan Presidential Foundation. http://www.reaganfoundation.org/reagan/nancy/nancy_bio.asp. Accessed 05/12/2007.

^ "My Turn Review". A-1 Wom … About the Author

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